Fixed bed reactor is a continuous chemical reactor suitable for
gas-liquid solid three-phase reaction, which is widely used in
the catalytic cracking reaction of petrochemical industry. The
fixed bed reactor carries out concentrated loading of the
catalyst, and the catalyst is in an over proportioning state
during the reaction. In addition, the vapor liquid volume ratio
is adjusted through back pressure, and the mixing state is
optimized through the vapor liquid distributor to strengthen the
reaction environment, shorten the reaction time, and achieve
continuous high flux production.
The basic components of fixed bed reactor include: gas metering
system, liquid metering system, liquid preheater, gas-liquid
distributor, hydrogen cooling pipe, gas-liquid cooler, gas-liquid
separator, etc. Among them, gas-liquid distributor is the most
important core component, which determines the effect of uniform
gas-liquid mixing. If the gas-liquid mixture is uneven and the
local proportion is unbalanced, the complete reaction of
materials can never be realized in the continuous and non
backmixing reaction process. At present, there are many kinds of
gas-liquid distributors that have been developed, such as CZ type
distributor, BL type distributor, Union Oil distributor, nozzle
type distributor, etc.
At present, fixed bed reactors are widely used in petrochemical
industry, and most of them are catalyst evaluation devices in
fine chemical industry. The volume of catalyst evaluation device
is small (*0~**0mL), which is mainly used for theoretical
research of catalyst performance. With the development of
continuous flow technology, the fixed bed reactor has also
occupied a certain position in the field of fine chemical
industry, which can realize pilot and pilot production. It can be
used not only in catalytic hydrogenation reaction, but also in
gas-liquid reactions such as oxidation and ammoniation.
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