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Bitumen is a mixture of Organic Liquids that are highly Viscous,
Black, Sticky, Entirely Soluble in Carbon Disulfide, and composed
primarily of highly condensed Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons.
Naturally occurring or crude bitumen is a sticky, tar-like
form of petroleum which is so thick and heavy that it must be
heated or diluted before it will flow. At room temperature, it is
much like cold molasses. Refined Bitumen is the residual (bottom)
fraction obtained by fractional distillation of crude oil. It is
the heaviest fraction and the one with the highest boiling point,
boiling at **5 °C (**7 °F).
In British English, the word 'Asphalt' refers to a mixture of
mineral aggregate and bitumen (or tarmac in common parlance). The
word 'Tar' refers to the black viscous material obtained from the
destructive distillation of coal and is chemically distinct from
bitumen. In American English, Bitumen is referred to as 'Asphalt'
or 'Asphalt cement' in engineering jargon. In Australian English,
Bitumen is sometimes used as the generic term for road surfaces. In
Canadian English, the word bitumen is used to refer to the vast
Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil, while asphalt is
used for the oil refinery product used to pave roads and
manufacture roof shingles. Diluted Bitumen (diluted with Naphtha to
make it flow in pipelines) is known as dilbit in the Canadian
Petroleum industry, while bitumen upgraded to synthetic crude oil
is known as syn crude and syn crude blended with bitumen as syn
bit
Bitumen is primarily used for paving roads. Its other uses are
for Bituminous Waterproofing Products, including the use of bitumen
in the production of roofing felt and for sealing flat roofs.
