Copper scrap is smelted in primary and secondary
smelters. Type of furnace and process steps depend on copper
content of the secondary raw material, other constituent, size,
etc. In the case of oxide scrap material, reducing conditions are
required, which can be achieved through carbon and iron along with
fluxing agents. Depending on the raw material and process, other
metals such as Zn, Pb and Sn can be recovered from the fume.
Depending on the quality/grade of the scrap, refining is required,
which is usually done through electrorefining.
