Microdistrict 17, building 39, Aqtau city, Mangistau region
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The characteristic of a particular gasoline blend to resist
igniting too early which causes knocking and reduces efficiency in
reciprocating engines is measured by its octane rating, which is
produced in several grades. Tetraethyl lead and other lead
compounds, once widely used to increase octane ratings, are no
longer used except in aviation,[3] off-road and auto-racing
applications.[4] Other chemicals are frequently added to gasoline
to improve chemical stability and performance characteristics,
control corrosiveness, and provide fuel system cleaning. Gasoline
may contain oxygen-containing chemicals such as ethanol, MTBE, or
ETBE to improve combustion. Gasoline can enter the environment
combusted, both as liquid and as vapor, from leakage and handling
during production, transport, and delivery e.g., from storage
tanks, from spills, etc. As an example of efforts to control such
leakage, many underground storage tanks are required to have
extensive measures in place to detect and prevent such leaks.
Gasoline contains known carcinogens. When burned, one liter of
gasoline emits about 2.3 kilograms of CO2, a greenhouse gas,
contributing to human-caused climate change. Oil products,
including gasoline, were responsible for about *2% of CO2 emissions
worldwide in ***1.