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Sodium
hydroxide, commonly known as lye or caustic soda, is a highly
versatile and widely used inorganic compound with the chemical
formula NaOH. It is a white solid that typically appears in the
form of small pellets or flakes and is hygroscopic, meaning it can
absorb moisture from the air.
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Properties: -
**Solubility**: Sodium hydroxide is highly soluble in water,
producing a strong alkaline solution. This property makes it useful
in various industrial and laboratory applications. -
**pH**: Aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide have a very high pH,
usually around ****4, classifying it as a strong
base.
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Uses: 1. **Chemical
Manufacturing**: It plays a crucial role in the production of
various chemicals, including chlorine, plastics, and
soap. 2. **pH
Regulation**: Sodium hydroxide is often used to adjust and control
the pH levels in water treatment processes and various industrial
operations. 3. **Cleaning
Agent**: Due to its corrosive nature, it is an effective cleaning
agent, especially for removing grease and organic
materials. 4. **Food
Industry**: While not directly consumed, it is used in food
processing, such as in the preparation of olives, pretzels, and
some other products. 5.
**Laboratory Applications**: In laboratories, sodium hydroxide is
commonly used for titrations and as a reagent in various chemical
reactions.